The successful development of a region is determined by the quality of human resources. Education is one way of improving the quality of human resources. Therefore, improving the quality of education must be pursued, beginning with opening greater opportunities for residents to education, to improving the quality and quantity of educational facilities and infrastructure. To find out how many people take advantage of educational facilities can be seen from the percentage of the population according to school enrollment.
To see the participation of schools in an area commonly known as multiple indicators to find out, among other things: School Participation Rate (APS), the gross enrollment rate (GER), and the enrollment rate (NER).
School Participation Rate (SPR)
School Participation Rate is a measure of the absorption of the institution of the school age population. SPR is the primary indicator used to seeing people access to educational facilities, especially for school-age population.
Higher Learning levels greater number of people the opportunity to get an education. However, increasing the APS can not always be interpreted as an increase in the equal opportunity to education.
Formula:
SPR (7-12) = {( Number of population aged 7-12 years who are still in school :Total population aged 7 ─ 12 years) X 100}
SPR (13-15) = {( Number of population aged 13-15 who are in school :Total population aged 13-15 years) X 100}
SPR (16-18) = {(Number of population aged 16-18 years who are in school :Total population aged 16-18 years) X 100}
Example interpretation:
Suppose the School Participation Rate (APS) of the population aged 7-12 years in the District A is 96 percent. This means there are still 4 percent of the population aged 7-12 years who are not in school.
Gross enrollment rate (GER)
Gross enrollment rate (GER), converting the participation of the population is educated according to education levels. Gross enrollment rate (GER) is the percentage of the population who were at school at a level of education (regardless of age) to the number of school-age population corresponding to the level of education.
GER is used to measure the success of the education development program organized in order to expand opportunities for people to get an education. GER is the simplest indicator to measure the absorption of the school age population in each education level.
GER values can be over 100%. This is because the population of students who attend school in an education covers children aged beyond school age education is concerned. For example, many children aged above 12 years, but was still in school at the primary level or too many children who are 7 years old but not yet entered elementary school.
The presence of students with ages older than the age of the standard in a particular education level shows a case of repetition or late for school. Conversely, students who are younger than age standardized sitting in a student's education school show at a younger age.
Formula:
GER Primary School = {(Number of people in elementary school :Total population aged 7 ─ 12 years) X 100}
GER Junior High School = {(Number of people in junior high school : The population aged 13 ─ 15 years) X 100 }
GER Senior High School = {( Number of people in senior secondary school :The population aged 16 ─ 18 years) X 100}
Example interpretation:
Suppose the gross enrollment rate (GER) of the population aged 7-12 years in the District A is equal to 102 percent. This means that there are 2 percent of the population aged 7-12 years who are not in primary school.
Nett Enrollment rate (NER)
Enrollment rate (NER) is the percentage of school-age children in the group who were at school at a certain level of education in accordance with the age of the total number of children in the school age group
When GER is used to determine how many school-age children who are able to take advantage of educational facilities at a given level of education regardless of how old it is, the enrollment rate (NER) measures the proportion of children who go to school on time.
If all children of school age to school on time, then the APM will reach a value of 100. In general, the value of NER will always be lower than the value of APK APK for school-age kids that include the level of education is concerned.
The difference between GER and NER shows the proportion of students who go to school late or too soon. NERlimitation is the possibility of under-estimate because of the students beyond the standard age groups in a particular education level. Example: A child 6 years of age attending grade 1 will not be included in the calculation of NER because of his age is lower than the standard SD age group 7-12 years.
Formula:
NER Primary School = {( Total population aged 7 ─ 12 schools in SD :Total population aged 7 ─ 12 years) X 100}
NER Junior High School = {( Total population aged 13 ─ 15 junior high schools in : The population aged 13 ─ 15 years) X 100 }
NER Senior High School= {(Total population age 16 ─ 18 that schools in high school :The population aged 16 ─ 18 years) X 100}
Example interpretation:
Suppose enrollment rate (NER) of the population aged 7-12 years in the District A is 85 percent. This means that there is 85 per cent of the population aged 7-12 years in primary school.
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